India is significantly bolstering its aerial combat capabilities with a new generation of advanced air-to-air missiles, designed to counter regional adversaries like China and Pakistan. Recent intelligence suggests Pakistan deployed Chinese PL-15 missiles during a recent air engagement, underscoring the need for India’s indigenous advancements.
The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is spearheading the development of ‘Gandeev,’ internally known as Astra-3. This cutting-edge missile is engineered for superior range and faster engagement speeds, aiming to outperform China’s PL-15. This initiative is part of a larger, multi-billion dollar investment to equip India’s fighter fleet with extended-range, dominant air-to-air missile systems.
A major boost comes from the impending procurement of Meteor missiles from European manufacturer MBDA. Valued at approximately Rs 1,500 crore, these missiles are already integrated with India’s Rafale fighters and will soon arm the Navy’s Rafale-M jets. The Meteor’s unique ramjet propulsion ensures it maintains high speeds throughout its flight, creating a critical ‘no-escape zone’ for targets. Its advanced dual data-link allows pilots dynamic target switching, enhancing precision and lethality, with a combat range of 200 kilometers.
There’s also a strong push to acquire the Russian R-37M missile. This long-range, supersonic weapon is capable of neutralizing high-value targets like AWACS and bombers from over 300 kilometers away. Russia has expressed openness to joint production with India, further enhancing bilateral defense ties.
Simultaneously, India’s homegrown Astra missile program is rapidly maturing. The Astra Mk-1 is already in service, while the upcoming Astra Mk-2 will boast a 200-kilometer range. The most advanced, Astra Mk-3 (Gandeev), is projected to have a strike capability exceeding 340 kilometers, positioning it among the world’s most potent air-to-air missiles.
This strategic expansion of India’s missile arsenal aims to establish regional air superiority. Facing threats from China’s advanced missiles (PL-15, PL-17, PL-21 up to 300 km) and Pakistan’s PL-15E (145 km range), India’s Meteor, R-37M, and Gandeev missiles will provide a decisive edge, securing its skies and enhancing its strategic deterrence posture.